We see movement all around. Some of them are linear, that is, along a line. And many are rotational. Let us see the force behind rotational movement and what makes them rotate or turn.
Moment of force is also called Torque. Moment of force is related to the turning effect a force causes on a body. A body can rotate around a fixed point, called a pivot or axis.
When a force is applied on a free body, it moves in the direction of the force applied. But if the body is fixed at a point, such as a door at a hinge, the force causes the body to rotate about the pivot, O.
The factors that affect the rotation of the body are:
- The magnitude or amount of force applied, F
- The perpendicular distance between the line of force applied and the pivot. This is the shortest distance between the line of force and the pivot.
Here, OP is the shortest distance between the line of force FP.
Therefore, the torque or moment of force of a body is the product of the force applied and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of the force from the fixed point.
Moment of force (torque) = F x OP
Its unit is Newton-metre (Nm).
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Easy way of explaining torque. Thanks
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