Mitochondria

What is Mitochondria?

mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles (tiny organs) of cells. They are called the Powerhouse of the cell.

They have two membranes. The inner membrane has many folds called cristae. Inside this membrane, the nutrients in the food get broken down and mixed with oxygen to produce an energy source molecule called ATP, or adenosine triphosphate. It gives energy to the cell to move, divide and grow. It helps in apoptosis, which means programmed cell death.

Matrix is a viscous fluid containing enzymes, ribosomes, etc.

Animals need more energy as they move about. Therefore, animal cells have more mitochondria than plant cells, as plants have limited movement.

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